Răspuns :
100% .................................... y lei
70% (100%-30%)................. 54,6 lei
y = 54,6 x 100 : 70 = 78 lei a costat obiectul dupa scumpire
130% (100%+30%) ................... 78 lei
100% ........................................... y lei
y = 78 x 100 : 130 = 60 lei a fost pretul initial al obiectului
[tex]\it Notez\ cu\ x\ pre\c{\it t}ul\ ini\c{\it t}ial.\\ \\ I)\ Dup\breve{a}\ majorare ,\ pre\c{\it t}ul\ devine:\\ \\ x+30\%\ din\ x =\ \ ^{100)}x+\dfrac{30}{100}x = \dfrac{100x+30x}{100}=\dfrac{\ \ 130x^{(10}}{100}=\dfrac{13x}{10}\\ \\ \\ II)\ Dup\breve{a}\ sc\breve{a}dere ,\ pre\c{\it t}ul\ devine:\\ \\ \dfrac{13x}{10}-30\%\ din\ \dfrac{13x}{10} = \dfrac{13x}{10}-\dfrac{30}{100}\cdot\dfrac{13x}{10}=\dfrac{13x}{10}\left(1-\dfrac{30}{100}\right)=\dfrac{13x}{10}\cdot\dfrac{\ 70^{(10}}{100}=[/tex]
[tex]\it = \dfrac{7\cdot13x}{100}\\ \\ \\ Dar\ ultimul\ pre\c\it {t}\ este\ 54,6\ lei , deci:\\ \\ \\ \dfrac{7\cdot13x}{100}=54,6 \Rightarrow 7\cdot13x=54,6\cdot100 \Rightarrow 7\cdot13x=5460|_{:7} \Rightarrow 13x=780 \Rightarrow\\ \\ \\ \Rightarrow x=780:13 \Rightarrow x = 60\ lei[/tex]