a) 3(1 - 2x) + 8 = 32
3 - 6x = 32 - 8
- 6x = 24 - 3
x = - 21/6 = - 7/2
b) 60 : (3y + 2) = 12
12(3y + 2) = 60
36y + 24 = 60
36y = 60 - 24
y = 36/36
y = 1
c) 1 - 3(8x - 4) = 1
1 - 24x + 12 = 1
- 24x = 1 - 1 - 12
x = 12/24
x = 1/2
d)1605 + 4(3 - x) = 2011
12 - 4x = 2011 - 1605
- 4x = 406 - 12
x = - 394/4
x = 197/2