x-pretul initial
dupa reducere: x-5x/100=(100x-5x)/100=95x/100=19x/20
dupa majorare: 19x/20+5/100·19x/20=19x/20+19x/400=(19x·20+19x)/400=
=(380x+19x)/400=399x/400
399x/400=798/10
399x·10=798·400
x=(798·400)/399·10
x=80 lei pretul initial
verificare
dupa reducere:80-80·5/100=80-4=76
dupa majorare:76+5/100·76=76+19/5=(76·5+19)/5=399/5=79,8